Type of site, music recommendation, events, statistics, social network Available in (12) Owner Created by Felix Miller, Martin Stiksel, Thomas Willomitzer, Richard Jones Website rank 1,369 (June 2018 ) Commercial Yes Registration Free, with optional subscription Launched 20 March 2002; 16 years ago ( 2002-03-20) Current status Active Last.fm is a music website, founded in the in 2002. Using a music called 'Audioscrobbler', Last.fm builds a detailed profile of each user's musical taste by recording details of the the user listens to, either from stations, or the user's computer. This information is transferred ('scrobbled') to Last.fm's database either via the music player itself (including, among others, and ) or via a installed into the user's. The data is then displayed on the user's profile page and compiled to create reference pages for individual artists. On 30 May 2007, it was acquired by for 140 million (280 million). The site formerly offered a radio streaming service, which was discontinued on 28 April 2014.
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The ability to access the large catalogue of music stored on the site was later removed entirely, replaced by links to YouTube and Spotify where available. Felix Miller, one of the Last.fm founders The current Last.fm website was developed from two separate sources: Last.fm and Audioscrobbler, which were merged in 2005. Audioscrobbler began as a project of Richard Jones when he attended the in the, with the term scrobbling defined as the finding, processing, and distribution of information involving people, music, and other data. Jones developed the first, and then opened an to the community, after which many music players on different platforms were supported.
- FoxyTunes is an Extension for Mozilla Firefox that supports the Mozilla Suite and Mozilla Thunderbird. It allows you to control your favorite media player without leaving the browser.
- FoxyTunes is an extension for your Mozilla which you will be able to control your media player with. And now it also works in Internet Explorer. It will install an small plugin in the browser from where you will be able to control your music.
Audioscrobbler was limited to keeping track of which songs its users played on a registered computer, which allowed for charting and collaborative filtering. Last.fm was founded in 2002 by Felix Miller, Martin Stiksel, and Thomas Willomitzer, all of them from or, as an internet radio station and music community site, using similar music profiles to generate dynamic playlists. The site name takes advantage of a using, the of, popular with related sites.
The 'love' and 'ban' buttons allowed users to gradually customise their profiles. Last.fm won the 2002 and was nominated for the in 2003.
The Audioscrobbler and Last.fm teams began to work closely together, both teams moving into the same offices in, and by 2003 Last.fm was fully integrated with Audioscrobbler profiles. Input could come through an Audioscrobbler plugin or a Last.fm station. The sites also shared many community forums, although a few were unique to each site. The old Audioscrobbler site at the audioscrobbler.com was wholly merged into the new Last.fm site on 9 August 2005.
Audioscrobbler.net was launched as a separate development-oriented site on 5 September 2005. However, at the very bottom of each of the Last.fm pages there was an Audioscrobbler ', which changes each time the page is refreshed. Based on well-known sayings or advertisements, these originally appeared at the top of the Audioscrobbler website pages and were all created and contributed by the original site members. The Last.fm icon An update to the site was made on 14 July 2006, which included a new for playing Last.fm radio streams and for logging of tracks played with other media players. Other changes included the improvement of the friends system and updating it to require a friendship, the addition of the Last.fm 'Dashboard' where users can see on one page relevant information for their profile, expanded options for purchasing music from and a new for the web site (including an optional black ). The site began expanding its language base on 15 July 2006with a version. Currently, the site is available in,.
In late 2006, the site won Best Community Music Site at the Awards in October. Last.fm also teamed with on Tuneglue-Audiomap. In January 2007 it was nominated for Best Website at the. CBS Acquisition and redesign (2007–2009) At the end of April 2007, rumours of negotiations between and Last.fm emerged, suggesting that CBS intended to purchase Last.fm for about 225 million.
($449 million ) In May 2007 it was announced that was to broadcast a weekly show called Worldwide Chart reflecting what Last.fm users around the world were listening to. On 30 May 2007, it was announced that Last.fm had been bought by for £140 million with Last.fm's current staying in place. In July 2008, the 'new generation' Last.fm was launched featuring a completely new layout, color scheme, and several new features, as well as some old ones removed. This was, however, met with dissatisfaction amongst some users, who complained about the 'ugly and non-user-friendly layout', bugs, and slowness. Still, a month after the redesign a CBS press release credited the redesign with generating a 20% growth in the site's traffic.
On 22 February 2009, claimed that 'the asked social music service Last.fm for data about its user's listening habits to find people with unreleased tracks on their computers. And Last.fm, which is owned by CBS, allegedly handed the data over to the RIAA.' This led to several public postings from both Last.fm and, with Last.fm denying passing any personal data to RIAA.
The request was purportedly prompted by the leak of 's then-unreleased album, and its subsequent widespread distribution via services such as. Three months later, on 22 May 2009, Techcrunch claimed that it was CBS, the parent company of Last.fm, that handed over the data. Last.fm again denied that this was the case, saying that CBS couldn't have handed over the data without Last.fm's knowledge.
Changes to streaming and access on other platforms (2009–2011) On 24 March 2009, Last.fm announced a change in free stream listening policy. According to the post '. In the United States, United Kingdom and Germany, nothing will change.
In all other countries, listening to Last.fm Radio will soon require a subscription of €3.00 per month.' The change went into effect on 22 April 2009. The announcement led to a wave of disappointment among the users, resulting in users stopping the submission of their data, refusing to change signatures/avatars and even deleting their accounts. On 11 September 2009, announced that Last.fm programming would be available in four major market FM stations for the first time on their multicasts. This includes in; in; in; and in. The programming, which consisted mostly of music aggregated by Last.fm's user-generated weekly music charts as well as live performances and interviews from the Last.fm studios in New York City debuted on 5 October.
On 12 April 2010, Last.fm announced that they would be removing the option to preview entire tracks, instead redirecting to sites such as the free and pay-to-listen for this purpose. This provoked a large negative reaction from some of the Last.fm user community who perceive the removal as hindering the ability of lesser-known and unsigned artists to gain exposure for their music and general enjoyment of the site. A new 'Play direct from artist' feature was introduced soon after, which allowed artists to select individual tracks for users to be able to stream in full. The ability to listen to custom radio stations ('personal tag radio', 'loved tracks radio') was withdrawn on 17 November 2010.
This change provoked an angry response among some users. Last.fm stated that the move was for licensing reasons.
The change meant that a tag radio stream would include all music tagged as such, not just that tagged by each individual user, effectively widening the number of tracks that might be streamed under any one tag set. Website and desktop application redesigns (2012–2013) In March 2012, Last.fm was breached by hackers and more than 43 million user accounts were compromised. The full extent of the hack, and its connection to similar attacks against, and in the same time frame, were not confirmed until August 2016. The passwords were encrypted using an outdated,. Last.fm made users aware of the attack in June 2012.
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On 14 February 2012, Last.fm announced that a new beta desktop client had been launched for public testing. The new scrobbler was released for all users on 15 January 2013. On 12 July 2012, Last.fm announced a new website redesign was also open to public beta and would rely on feedback from testing users. The site redesign went live for all users on 2 August 2012. While well received by technology websites, some of the site's users reacted negatively to the changes on the website's forum. On 19 June 2012, Last.fm launched Last.fm Originals, a new website featuring exclusive performances and interviews from various musical artists.
On 13 December 2012, it was announced that Last.fm would discontinue radio service after January 2013 to subscribers in all countries except the United States, United Kingdom, Germany, Canada, Ireland, Australia, New Zealand and Brazil. Additionally, radio in the desktop client would require a subscription in the US, UK and Germany, although the website radio will remain free in those countries. End of radio streaming and redesign (2014–present) In January 2014, the website announced on-demand integration with and a new -powered radio player. Upon the introduction of the YouTube player, the standard radio service became a subscriber-only feature.
On 26 March 2014, Last.fm announced they would be discontinuing their streaming radio service on 28 April 2014. In a statement, the site said the decision was made in order to 'focus on improving scrobbling and recommendations'. On 15 April 2015, Last.fm released a subscriber-exclusive beta of a new website redesign. Described user reactions on the site's forums during the week of the redesign as 'universally negative'. In 2016, Music Manager was discontinued and music uploaded to the site by musicians and record labels became inaccessible; post-Spotify integration they could still be played and downloaded where the option was given, but following the change artists themselves were unable to access their songs in the Last.fm catalogue. Funding and staff Last.fm Ltd is funded from the sale of space, monthly user subscriptions, and donations.
Funding prior to acquisition In 2004, the company received the first round of, from Peter Gardner, an who was introduced to the founders as early as 2002. A second round was led by Stefan Glaenzer (joined by and ), who bought into 's shares as well.
In 2006 the company received the first round of funding from European investors, whose General Partners Neil Rimer and Danny Rimer also joined Last.fm's, consisting of Felix Miller, Martin Stiksel and Stefan Glaenzer (Chair). Original founders Felix Miller, Martin Stiksel and Richard Jones left the company in summer 2009. Features User accounts The free includes access to all the main features listed below. Registered Users are also able to send and receive private messages. Profile A Last.fm user can build a musical profile using any or all of several methods: by listening to their personal music collection on a music player application on a computer or an iPod with an, or by listening to the Last.fm service, either with the, or with the embedded player. All songs played are added to a from which personal top artist/track and musical recommendations are.
This automatic track logging is called scrobbling. Last.fm automatically generates a profile page for every user which includes basic information such as their user name, avatar, date of registration and total number of tracks played. There is also a for public messages. Profile pages are visible to all, together with a list of top artists and tracks, and the 10 most recently played tracks (can be expanded). Each user's profile has a 'Taste-o-Meter' which gives a rating of how compatible your music taste is. Recommendations Last.fm features a personal recommendations page that is only visible to the user concerned and lists suggested new music and events, all tailored to the user's own preferences. Recommendations are calculated using a so users can browse and hear previews of a list of artists not listed on their own profile but which appear on those of others with similar musical tastes.
Artist pages Once an artist has had a track or tracks 'scrobbled' by at least one user, Last.fm automatically generates a main artist page. This page shows details of the total number of plays, the total number of listeners, the most popular weekly and overall tracks, the top weekly listeners, a list of similar artists, most popular tags and a shoutbox for messages. There are also links to events, additional album and individual track pages and similar artists radio. Official music videos and other videos imported from may also be viewed on the relevant artist and track pages. Users may add relevant biographical details and other information to any artist's main page in the form of a wiki. Edits are regularly moderated to prevent. A photograph of the artist may also be added.
If more than one is submitted, the most popular is chosen by public vote. User submitted content is licensed for use under the Attribution Share-Alike License. Last.fm currently cannot disambiguate artists with the same name; a single artist profile is shared between valid artists with the same name. Also Last.fm and its users currently do not differentiate between the Composer and the Artist of music which serves for confusion in classical music genres.
Charts One particular feature of Last.fm is the semi-automatic weekly generation and archiving of detailed personal music charts and statistics which are created as part of its profile building. Users have several different charts available, including Top Artists, Top Tracks, and Top Albums. Each of these charts is based on the actual number of people listening to the track, album or artist recorded either through an Audioscrobbler plugin or the Last.fm radio stream. Additionally, charts are available for the top tracks by each artist in the Last.fm system as well as the top tracks for individual albums (when the tagging information of the audio file is available). Artist profiles also keep track of a of Top Fans, which is calculated by a formula meant to portray the importance of an artist in a fan's own profile, balancing out users who play hundreds of tracks overall versus those who play only a few. As the information generated is largely compiled from the data from audio files 'scrobbled' from user's own computers, and which may be incorrect or misspelled, there are many errors in the listings. Tracks with ambiguous punctuation are especially prone to separate listings, which can dilute the apparent popularity of a track.
Artists or bands with the same name are not always differentiated. The system attempts to translate some different artist tags to a single artist profile, and has recently attempted to harmonise track names. Global charts Last.fm generates weekly 'global' charts of the top 400 artists and tracks listened to by all Last.fm users. To prevent the artificial boosting of an artist or song by deliberately repeated tracks from a single listener, these charts are based on the total number of individual listeners (the reach) and not the number of actual plays. The result is notably different from traditional commercial provided by the, and others, which are based on radio plays or sales. Last.fm charts are less volatile and a new album's release may be reflected in play data for many months or years after it drops out of commercial charts. For example, have consistently been a top 5 band at Last.fm, reflecting the continued popularity of the band's music irrespective of current album sales.
Significant events, such as the release of a highly anticipated album or the death of an artist can have a large impact on the charts. The Global Tag Chart shows the 100 most popular tags that have been used to describe artists, albums, and tracks.
This is based on the total number of times the tag has been applied by Last.fm users since the tagging system was first introduced and does not necessarily reflect the number of users currently listening to any of the related 'global tag radio' stations. Radio stations Last.fm offers customised virtual 'radio stations' consisting of uninterrupted audio streams of individual tracks selected from the music files in the music library. Stations can be based on the user's, the user's 'musical neighbours', or the user's 'friends'. Tags also have radio stations if enough music has the same tag. Radio stations can also be created, and each artist page allows selection of a 'similar artists' or 'artist fan' radio station. As of May 2009, Last.fm introduced Visual Radio, an improved version of last.fm radio. This brought features such as an artist slideshow and combo stations, which allows for listening to stations consisting of common similar artists of up to either 3 artists or 3 tags.
Under the terms of the station's 'radio' license, listeners may not select specific tracks (except as previews), or choose the order in which they are played, although any of the tracks played may be skipped or banned completely. The appropriate royalties are paid to the copyright holders of all streamed audio tracks according to the law in the UK. The radio stream uses an stream encoded at 128 kbit/s 44.1 kHz, which may be played using the in-page player or the downloaded Last.fm client, but other community-supported players are available as well as a proxy which allows using a media player of choice. On 24 March 2009, Last.fm announced that Last.fm Radio will require a subscription of €3.00 per month for users living outside the US, the UK, and Germany. This change was to take effect on 30 March, but was postponed until 22 April. The decision resulted in over 1,000 comments, most of them negative, on the Last.fm blog.
Player Last.fm player. 2.1.35 / 6 March 2013; 5 years ago ( 2013-03-06), Website An 'in-page' player is provided automatically for all listeners with -enabled browser or installed on their computers. However, it is necessary to download and install the Last.fm client if a user also wishes information about played tracks from their own digital music collection to be included in their personal music profile. Prior to August 2005, Last.fm generated an open that could be played in the user's music player of choice, with a player.
This proved difficult to support and has been officially discontinued. The Last.fm client is currently the only officially supported music player for playing customized Last.fm radio streams on desktop computers. The current version combines the functions of the music player with the plugin that transmits all track data to the Last.fm server, and effectively replaces the separate Last.fm Player and the standalone track submission plugins. It is also licensed under the and available for, and operating systems.
The player allows the user to enter the name of any artist or tag which then gives a choice of a number of similar artist stations, or similar global tag stations. Alternatively, Recommendation radio or any of the user's personal radio stations may be played without the necessity to visit the website. The player displays the name of the station and track currently playing, the song artist, title and track length as well as album details, the artist's photo and biographical details, art when available, lists of similar artists and the most popular tags and top fans. There are several buttons, allowing the user to love, skip, or ban a song. The love button adds the song to the user's loved tracks list; the ban button ensures that the song will not be played again.
Both features affect the user's profile. The skip button does not. Other buttons allow the user to tag or recommend the currently playing track. Other features offered by the application are: minor editing of the user's profile including removing recently played artists and songs from the loved, banned, or previously played track lists; lists of friends and neighbours, lists of tags and a list of previously played radio stations. Users can also open their full Last.fm profile page directly from the player. The client also enables the user to install player plugins, these integrate with various standalone to allow the submission of tracks played in those programs. In the latest version of the Last.fm Player application, the user can select to use an external player.
When this is done, the Last.fm Player provides the user with a local URL, through which the Last.fm music stream is proxied. Users can then open the URL in their preferred media player. A new version of the desktop client, which had been in beta since early 2012, was released on 15 January 2013. This version disabled the radio function for free users. To access that feature, a paid subscription is necessary. Last.fm has also developed client software for mobile phones running the iPhone OS, BlackBerry OS and the OS.
Last.fm has only released these apps in the United States, United Kingdom and Germany claiming for four years that they are negotiating licenses for making the streaming available in other countries. Last.fm remained out of service for more than 22 hours on 10 June 2014. It was amongst the worst outages company has faced. The company however, remained in contact with visitors using a status page. Scrobbling In addition to Last.fm automatically tracking music played via Last.fm's radio, users can also contribute (scrobble) listening data to their Last.fm profile from other streaming sites or by tracking music played locally on their own personal devices. Scrobbling is possible with music stored and played locally via software on devices such as PCs, mobile phones, tablets, and standalone (hardware) media players. Indeed, these were the only methods of scrobbling listening data both before and after the existence of the Last.fm radio service.
Certain sites and media players have the ability to upload (scrobble) listening data built-in, for others users must and install a for their music player, which will automatically submit the artist and title of the after either the song or the first four minutes have played, whichever comes first. When the track is shorter than 30 seconds (31 seconds in ) or the track lacks (, etc.), the track is not submitted. To accommodate dial-up users, of the data and submitting it in bulk is also possible.
I've often said no matter how good a piece of software is, there's someone out there who can make it better. Sometimes a third-party add-on can be so simple that I can't figure out why the developer didn't think of it in the original program.
Then, of course, I wonder why I didn't think of it myself. As the great inventor Thomas Edison once said, 'Opportunity is missed by most people because it is dressed in overalls and looks like work.'
Well, here's to an idea for which I should have donned the proverbial overalls. A lot of people listen to music while they work. I like listening to music because it adds some excitement when I'm working on mundane tasks.
But one thing that can mess up my flow when I'm getting things done is the need to switch apps to my music software. It's not a huge issue, or something that's going to make me forget my train of thought (usually), but having to stop working in order to switch songs or make some minor adjustment is simply a waste of time. Part of getting work done is getting 'on a roll' and being as efficient as possible. The more you have to switch away from the task at hand, the more it's going to slow you down. Fortunately, some developers realized that a simple music player interface that is immediately accessible eliminates the need to redirect your focus from the project at hand. Though these aren't life-changing apps, my feeling is that once you try them out, you'll never go back to the old way.
You can detach the FoxyTunes info window to get song information for every track while you continue to work (Credit: CNET Networks) FoxyTunes is a Firefox extension that places a simple set of controls for adjusting your music player within the Firefox interface. You have your choice of where the controls are located, so play around with it until it fits your working style. In addition to play, pause, stop, skip, and volume controls, FoxyTunes shows you the name and artist for the current song. If you want more information about a song (though this might be a distraction-watch out!), FoxyTunes offers a button to take you to FoxyTunes Planet for related videos, articles, and pictures, and where you can buy the CD or MP3. This free extension works on both Mac and Windows versions of Firefox, and can be configured to work with almost any MP3-playing software. The Hot Keys tab lets you assign whatever key you want for total control over your music (Credit: CNET Networks) Synergy for Mac OS X adds a simple set of controls up in the menu bar at the top of your desktop.
This makes it easy to switch songs in iTunes from within any program because Synergy is always at the top of the screen. If mousing to the top of the screen is too much of a distraction, you can even use keyboard commands so your hands never leave the keyboard. In addition to the added convenience, you can set Synergy to bring up an animated window at the beginning of every song with album cover art as well as track and artist info. Though Synergy isn't free, you'll probably be willing to fork over the 5 bucks once you've gotten used to the added convenience and the slick transparent notification window when a new song begins.
These Killer Downloads aren't the type of programs that are going to change your life, but the added convenience is definitely worth the download. Once you get used to switching your music on the fly, you'll wonder how you did without one of these programs for so long.